The United States of America
- is located in the norhern part of North America
- is surrounded by Canada in the north and Mexico in the south
- washed by the Atlantic Ocean in the east and by the Pacific Ocean in the west
- divided into 50 states – 48 continental states – Hawai is situated in the Pacific Ocean and Alaska is separated by Canada
- the largest state is Alaska
- official language – english and spanish
- capital – Washington DC
- the 3rd largest area
- population is 327 milion people
- it’s federation of 50 states, republic with prezident who is elected every 4 years by people in November
- president Joe Biden – a member of the Democratic Party
- national athem – Star Spangled Banner
- congres od 2 chambers – house of representativs (600) – lower chamber. The senate – upper chamber
Geography
- the west is mainly mountainous, the central part and the east are mainly flat
- the largest mountain range: the Rocky Mountains (runs from north to south);
- the longest river – the Mississipi, others – the Ohio, the Misouri, the Rio Grande, the Yukon
- the great lakes – Superior, Huron, Ontario, Erie, Michigan
- mountains – mount MC Kinley (Denali – 6 000 high), mt Whitney
- national parks – Yellowstone, Sequoia, Yosemite
- there are big variations of climate – change from arctic cold in Alaska, to subtropical warmth in Hawai
- Niagara falls
History
- 1492 Christopher Columbus discovered America, he arrived in Puerto Rico, but he didn’t settle it
- 1607 1st colony founded at JamesTown
- 1620 the Pilgrims were puritans – held strict religious based on the Bible, new wave of settlers, their ship was called the Mayflower
- 1775-1781 the War of independence = American revolutionary war, British surrended
- 1776 Decleration of independence – important document explained why the colonies wanted to be separeted from Britain – 4th July – Independence day
- 1783 Britan recognized the independence of american colonies
- 19th century – American civil war – tension between the north and the south grew into war
- Abraham Lincoln – the most important person in the north – the Emancipation proclamation = the document which made slaves in the South free
- 20th century – the USA took part in the WW I and WW II
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- after the war there was a period of prosperity (nicknamed the Jazz Age, the Roaring Twenties) – it ended with Black Thursday (October 24th, 1929, the start of the stock market crash) marking the beginning of the Great Depression (lasted till the end of 1930s) = the period of serious problems in economy and society)
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