The United States of America

– is located in the norhern part of North America

– is surrounded by Canada in the north and Mexico in the south

– washed by the Atlantic Ocean in the east and by the Pacific Ocean in the west

– divided into 50 states – 48 continental states – Hawai is situated in the Pacific Ocean and Alaska is separated by Canada

– the largest state is Alaska

– official language – english and spanish

– capital – Washington DC

– the 3rd largest area

– population is 327 milion people

– it’s federation of 50 states, republic with prezident who is elected every 4 years by people in November

– president Joe Biden – a member of the Democratic Party

– national athem – Star Spangled Banner

– congres od 2 chambers – house of representativs (600) – lower chamber. The senate – upper chamber

Geography

– the west is mainly mountainous, the central part and the east are mainly flat

– the largest mountain range: the Rocky Mountains (runs from north to south);

– the longest river – the Mississipi, others – the Ohio, the Misouri, the Rio Grande, the Yukon

– the great lakes – Superior, Huron, Ontario, Erie, Michigan

– mountains – mount MC Kinley (Denali – 6 000 high), mt Whitney

– national parks – Yellowstone, Sequoia, Yosemite

– there are big variations of climate – change from arctic cold in Alaska, to subtropical warmth in Hawai

– Niagara falls

History

– 1492 Christopher Columbus discovered America, he arrived in Puerto Rico, but he didn’t settle it

– 1607 1st colony founded at JamesTown

– 1620 the Pilgrims were puritans – held strict religious based on the Bible, new wave of settlers, their ship was called the Mayflower

– 1775-1781 the War of independence = American revolutionary war, British surrended

– 1776 Decleration of independence – important document explained why the colonies wanted to be separeted from Britain – 4th July – Independence day

– 1783 Britan recognized the independence of american colonies

– 19th century – American civil war – tension between the north and the south grew into war

– Abraham Lincoln – the most important person in the north – the Emancipation proclamation = the document which made slaves in the South free

– 20th century – the USA took part in the WW I and WW II

– after the war there was a period of prosperity (nicknamed the Jazz Age, the Roaring Twenties) – it ended with Black Thursday (October 24th, 1929, the start of the stock market crash) marking the beginning of the Great Depression (lasted till the end of 1930s) = the period of serious problems in economy and society)